Exploring the phenolic profile, antibacterial, and antioxidant properties of walnut leaves (<i>Juglans regia</i> L.)

The aim of this study was to identify phenolic compounds in walnut leaves from northern Iraq and evaluate their ability act as antibacterial antioxidant agents. Phenolic were determined by reversed-phase HPLC. Antibacterial activity tested against various bacteria. Antioxidant properties evaluated assays, including reducing power DPPH radical scavenging activity. HPLC profiles leaf fractions revealed quercetin, hydroquinone, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, caffeic acid three fractions. inhibitory 47.66, 32.41, 51.90 μg/mL for I, II, III, respectively. For ferric activity, fraction II > III I the FRAP observed 64.43, 73.19, 68.18 All extracted had all bacterial strains tested. Observations showed that able produce similar zones inhibition streptomycin most cases. These results suggest plant extract are plausible natural antioxidants could be used prime candidates synthesis drugs can treatment many oxidative stress-related diseases.